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Version: 2.x

WebSocketFrame

In the WebSocket protocol, communication happens using frames. ZIO HTTP's WebSocketFrame is the representation of those frames. The domain defines the following type of frames:

  • Text
  • Binary
  • Continuation
  • Close
  • Ping
  • Pong

Text

To create a Text frame that models textual data in the WebSocket protocol, you can use the text constructor.

import zio.http._

WebSocketFrame.text("Hello from ZIO-HTTP")

Binary

To create a Binary frame that models raw binary data, you can use the binary constructor.

import zio.Chunk
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets

WebSocketFrame.binary(Chunk.fromArray("Hello from ZIO-HTTP".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_16)))

Continuation

To create a Continuation frame to model a continuation fragment of the previous message, you can use the continuation constructor.

WebSocketFrame.continuation(Chunk.fromArray("Hello from ZIO-HTTP".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_16)))

Close

To create a Close frame for a situation where the connection needs to be closed, you can use the close constructor. The constructor requires two arguments:

  • Status
  • Optional reason.

Constructing Close with just status

WebSocketFrame.close(1000)

Constructing Close with status and a reason

WebSocketFrame.close(1000, Some("Normal Closure"))

More information on status codes can be found in Section 7.4 of IETF's Data Tracker.

Ping

Ping models heartbeat in the WebSocket protocol. The server or the client can at any time, after a successful handshake, send a ping frame.

WebSocketFrame.ping

Pong

Pong models the second half of the heartbeat in the WebSocket protocol. Upon receiving ping, a pong needs to be sent back.

WebSocketFrame.ping

Pattern Matching on WebSocketFrame

ZIO HTTP envisions the WebSocketFrame as a Sum type, which allows exhaustive pattern matching to be performed on it.

You can do pattern matching on the WebSocketFrame type in the following way:

val frame: WebSocketFrame = ...

frame match {
case WebSocketFrame.Binary(bytes) => ???
case WebSocketFrame.Text(text) => ???
case WebSocketFrame.Close(status, reason) => ???
case WebSocketFrame.Ping => ???
case WebSocketFrame.Pong => ???
case WebSocketFrame.Continuation(buffer) => ???
}